Sample Protocol: Administration of Epinephrine and Benadryl
NOTE:
The signs and symptoms of anaphylactic shock are: hypotension, respiratory distress such as laryngeal edema, dyspnea, wheezing, a sense of retrosternal pressure or tightness, rapid and/or irregular pulse, urticaria, loss of consciousness, agitation, faintness, burning and/or itching eyes, tearing, congestion and itching nose, rhinitis, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, flushed skin, general itching, non-pruretic swelling of extremities as well as the face and perioral or periorbital regions, and/or a sense of uneasiness.
After an injection of medication and/or vaccine it is determined that the individual
has symptoms categorized as mild, the client may only require close monitoring on site with notice to their health care provider.
Using clinical judgment, when the individual’s symptoms progress to those of
anaphylactic shock, School Vaccine Providers shall initiate the emergency procedure for the administration of Epinephrine and Benadryl.
Special Instructions: 1. Equipment needed includes:
2 ampules Epinephrine (adrenaline) 1:1000 1 vial of Benadryl (diphenhydramine) 50mg/ml 4 TB syringes (2) 3cc syringes (w/needle-22-25 ga, 1-1.5” length) Alcohol swabs B/P cuff and stethoscope CPR mask
2. All School Vaccine Providers are required to be trained in Health Care Provider
3. In the event of a medical emergency during a clinic session, School Vaccine
Providers shall activate emergency medical services and notify the responsible health care provider and/or call an ambulance or other local emergency medical services.
4. School Vaccine Provider staff shall apply CPR if the situation warrants it, unless
there is a "Do Not Resuscitate" order in place. The school disclaims any liability for misapplication of this knowledge by the School Vaccine Provider.
In an emergency: 1. Call for assistance 2. Notify local emergency medical services 3. Establish and maintain an airway To administer Epinephrine and Benadryl, follow the steps below: 1. Administer Epinephrine ( per dosage chart/guidelines) 2. Administer Benadryl (per dosage chart/guidelines)
A. Using a tuberculin (1cc)-syringe draw up only the amount of
Epinephrine needed, based on the weight of the child or the dosage amount for an adult.
B. Administer the Epinephrine subcutaneously. NOTE: DO NOT
Epinephrine Dosage Guidelines:*
Epinephrine (Adrenaline Chloride) 1:1000
0.1cc for children < 20 lbs. (0-12 months of age)
0.2cc for children 20 - 45 lbs. (1-4 years old)
0.3cc for children > 45 lbs. (> 4 years of age)
C. Administer the Benadryl deep I.M. in a large muscle.
Benadryl Dosage Guidelines **Adult: Benadryl 50mg. Deep I.M. in large muscle ***Pediatric Patients other than premature infants or neonates: Benadryl 1mg/kg Deep IM in large
D. Observe the clinical condition of the individual including the apical
pulse rate and rhythm, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and level of consciousness. Monitor the blood pressure and pulse every 2-5 minutes until stable. Also note a change in any of the symptoms or the development of new symptoms.
E. If symptoms persist, give a second dose of Epinephrine
in 15 minutes, using a second ampule of Epinephrine.
Do not repeat more than one time.
F. If the individual exhibits signs of shock treat them by having them
lie in a supine position with their legs elevated, keeping them warm with blankets, if necessary.
G. Reassure the individual and the family (if present).
H. If CPR becomes necessary, institute as per current CPR protocols
The responder must be certified to conduct CPR.
*American Academy of Pediatrics, Abbott Laboratories, American Hospital Formulary Service, Mosby's Nursing Drug Reference ** Nursing 2006 Handbook, 26rd edition . New York: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. *** Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, 15th edition. Philadelphia: Saunders. Reviewed:
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